In 1789, Congress passed the First Judiciary Act, which provided for an Attorney General and a Supreme Court.
In 1869, thousands of businessmen were ruined in a Wall Street panic after financiers Jay Gould and James Fisk attempted to corner the gold market.
In 1896, author F. Scott Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul, Minn.
In 1929, Lt. James H. Doolittle guided a Consolidated NY-2 Biplane over Mitchell Field in New York in the first all-instrument flight.
In 1934, Babe Ruth made his farewell appearance as a regular baseball player with the New York Yankees in a game against the Boston Red Sox. (The Sox won, 5-0)
In 1948, Mildred Gillars, accused of being Nazi wartime radio propagandist "Axis Sally," pleaded innocent in a Washington, D.C., courtroom to charges of treason.
In 1955, President Eisenhower suffered a heart attack while on vacation in Denver.
In 1957, the Brooklyn Dodgers played their last game at Ebbets Field, defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-0.
In 1960, the USS Enterprise, the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, was launched at Newport New, Va.
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ABC sportscaster Jim McKay (1921)
Actor-singer Anthony Newley (1931)
"Muppeteer" Jim Henson (1936)
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"If you are losing your leisure, look out; you may be losing your soul."